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PRESIDENTIAL HISTORY

James Buchanan

1857–1861

Portrait of James Buchanan
Mathew Brady / Library of Congress · Public domain

PRESIDENCY 15 · SOURCE CHECK 2026-09-19

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James Buchanan held diplomatic posts, served in the House and Senate, and became secretary of state before entering the presidency. His administration faced escalating conflict over slavery, the status of Kansas, and the secession of southern states after the 1860 election. Buchanan opposed secession but disputed the federal government's authority to stop it by force. He completed his presidential term in March 1861, shortly before the Civil War began.

Presidency 15
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